Vocal Separation Using Fourier Methods

This method relies on the fact that music is periodic (repeats in time) wheras vocals are relativly aperiodic. Fourier transforms transform data from time space to frequency space. The fourier transform for a simple sine wave is shown below

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Major limitation is that some vocal frequencies are periodic and some musical frequencies are aperiodic, so there is some leakage between files and perfect separation cant be obtained with this method. Need machine learning techniques for further separation.